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Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

English Title

Estadística epidemiológica del suicidio adolescente durante confinamiento por pandemia de Covid-19 en Ecuador

Keywords

COVID-19, Public Health, Suicide, Quarantine, Adolescent, Isolation

English Keywords

COVID-19, Salud Pública, Suicidio, Cuarentena, Adolescente, Aislamiento

Abstract

Objective: To present the characteristics of adolescent suicide, during the period of connement due to pandemic in 2020 in Ecuador, in order to satisfy the mental health needs of this age group with their knowledge. Method:Observational, descriptive, cut-off study It was carried out. Cross-sectional retrospective, with information from the database of violent deaths of the Ministry of Government, from March 17 to September 13, which lasted the state of emergency. The analysis was carried out by province, sex, age, suicide method and frequency in days after the occurrence of the event. The suicide mortality rate (per 100,000 inhabitants) was estimated for each province. All of these results were compared to 2019 statistics for the same time period. Results: During the connement due to a state of exception in 2020 in Ecuador, 97 suicides were registered in adolescents between 10 and 19 years old. The highest number was estimated in males between 15 and 19 years of age, with the most frequent age being 19. The most frequent day of removal of corpses was Monday and the preferred form of suicide was hanging with 81 reported cases. followed by much by intoxication and poisoning. Conclusions:Adolescent suicide deserves special attention in our environment, as it is a public health problem, inuenced by various psychological and emotional factors, which can be neglected in a context of pandemic and isolation. They are, therefore, essential psychosocial interventions aimed at mitigating the mental effects of the pandemic and connement, as well as promoting prevention and mental health programs in the adolescent population.

English Abstract

Objetivo:Presentar las características del suicidio adolescente, durante el periodo de connamiento por pandemia en el año 2020 en el Ecuador, para con su conocimiento atender las necesidades de salud mental en este grupo etario. Método:Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal retrospectivo, con la información de la base de datos de muertes violentas del Ministerio de Gobierno, desde el 17 de marzo al 13 de septiembre que duró el estado de excepción. El análisis se llevó a cabo por provincia, sexo, edad, método de suicidio y frecuencia en días de ocurrido el evento. Se estimó la tasa de mortalidad de suicidio (por 100 000 habitantes) para cada provincia. Todos estos resultados se compararon con estadísticas del 2019 durante el mismo periodo de tiempo. Resultados: Durante el connamiento por estado de excepción en el año 2020 en el Ecuador, se registraron 97 suicidios en adolescentes de entre 10 a 19 años de edad. Se estimó el número más alto en varones de 15 a 19 años, siendo la edad más frecuente a los 19. El día con más frecuencia de levantamiento de cadáveres fueron los lunes, y el modo preferido de suicidio fue la ahorcadura con 81 casos reportados, seguido con diferencia de la intoxicación y envenenamiento. Conclusiones:Las características del suicidio adolescente durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en Ecuador indican que merece una atención especial en nuestro medio, al tratarse de un problema de salud pública.

DOI

https://doi.org/10.25176/RFMH.v21i4.3984

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