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Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

English Title

Síndrome compartimental por extravasación de líquidos en paciente pediátrico, reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

Keywords

Compartment Syndromes, Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials, Infant, Surgical Decompression, Fasciotomy

Abstract

Extravasation Compartment Syndrome (SCE) is an infrequent pathology, with an incidence of 0,01-6,5%, whom 1,8-11% are children. Communication in children is usually difficult, with high risk of development of SCE. A case about a 9 month old male patient with an over-infected viral pneumonia and a triggered SCE is presented. He received compartmental decompression of right forearm and right hand; however he presented mild sequelae. Treatment of extravasation injury is not always sufficient enough. Mild-to-moderate complications or SCE can be presented. Recognizing clinical manifestations and risk factors and the use of auxiliary studies is fundamental for a good diagnosis and as prevention in children. Faciotomies, gold standard for treatment, are not completely safe, and have an impact on morbidity. Early protocols against extravasation, early examination by surgeon and investigation about SCE in chil-dren are recommended.

English Abstract

El Síndrome Compartimental por Extravasación (SCE) es una patología poco frecuente, con una incidencia de 0,01-6,5%, 1.8-11% en niños. En niños pequeños la comunicación es difícil y aumenta el riego de desarrollo de SCE. Se presenta un caso de un masculino de 9 meses de edad, con Neumonía viral sobreinfectada que desencadena SCE; recibió descompresión compartimental del antebrazo y mano derecha; con desarrollo de secuelas leves. Aplicar tratamiento para lesión por extravasación no siempre es suficiente; existen complicaciones leves-moderadas o SCE. Reconocer manifestaciones clínicas y factores de riesgo es fundamental para el diagnóstico, con estudios auxiliares como precaución en niños. La faciotomía, tratamiento estándar de oro; no es inocua e impacta en la morbilidad. Se recomiendan protocolos oportunos para extravasación, valoración temprana por cirujano, investigaciones en pediatría.

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